Understanding Foot Ulcers and How to Prevent Them

In our last post, Mr Sharma shared why he began walking regularly to prevent diabetic foot ulcers. Today, we’re diving deeper into what foot ulcers are, what causes them, and how you can take action to prevent them — especially as you grow older.

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What Is a Foot Ulcer?

A foot ulcer is an open wound or sore that forms due to a break in the skin or body lining. If a leg or foot ulcer persists for more than six weeks, it is classified as a chronic ulcer. The most common type of foot ulcers—accounting for nearly 80%—are venous ulcers.

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What Causes Venous Foot Ulcers?

Our leg veins are responsible for carrying blood back to the heart. When there is sustained pressure in the leg veins—due to standing or sitting for long periods—the tiny micro-vessels in the veins get compressed. This reduces blood circulation, oxygen, and nutrients to specific areas of the leg.

Any small injury to those areas can turn into a venous ulcer, especially if left untreated.

Common causes and risk factors of foot ulcers:

• Varicose veins

• Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

• Venous reflux (blood flowing backward)

• Diabetes

• Blood clots

• Leg swelling

• Limited mobility or immobility

• Obesity

• Osteoarthritis

• Previous leg injuries

Venous foot ulcers often occur below the knee, particularly around the inner ankle area, and are more common in older adults.

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Why You Should Never Ignore a Foot Ulcer

Untreated foot ulcers can lead to severe medical complications, including:

• Skin and tissue infections (cellulitis)

• Bone infections (osteomyelitis)

• Gangrene (tissue death due to poor blood flow)

• Amputation or limb loss

Early detection and treatment are critical for recovery and prevention of further damage.

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How to Prevent or Manage Venous Foot Ulcers

If you already have a foot ulcer, consult a doctor immediately to prevent infection and begin treatment.

If you’re at risk, here’s how to prevent venous foot ulcers from developing:

1. Keep Moving

• Inactivity can lead to varicose veins, DVT, and poor circulation — all key contributors to foot ulcers.

• If your job or lifestyle requires long hours of sitting (e.g., office work, travel), make it a point to move every hour.

• Use leg movement devices like the SitWalker while seated to stimulate blood flow in your legs.

2. Wear Proper Footwear

• Ill-fitting shoes can cause friction, cuts, or blisters that can lead to foot ulcers, especially in diabetics or those with poor circulation.

• Always wear well-fitted, cushioned shoes that offer good support.

• 3. Monitor Your Feet (Especially if Diabetic)

• If you have diabetes, check your feet daily for any signs of:

  • Cuts or blisters

  • Redness or swelling

  • Skin discoloration

• Early detection prevents complications from escalating.

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How Common Are Foot Ulcers?

Foot ulcers affect nearly 2% of adults at some point in their lives. As we age, the risk of developing ulcers increases — but with the right steps, they can be prevented and treated effectively.

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Final Thoughts

Foot ulcers may be common, but they are entirely preventable with the right care and awareness. Prioritize leg movement, circulation, and daily foot checks — especially if you are at risk due to diabetes, varicose veins, or a sedentary lifestyle.

Taking proactive steps now can protect your mobility and health in the long run.